Japanese politician
Yoshisuke Aikawa | |
|---|---|
Yoshisuke Aikawa in 1937 | |
| Born | (1880-11-06)November 6, 1880 Yamaguchi, Japan |
| Died | February 13, 1967(1967-02-13) (aged 86) Tokyo, Japan |
| Other names | Gisuke Ayukawa |
| Occupation(s) | Entrepreneur, Industrialist |
| Known for | Founder of Nissan present-day Isuzu |
Yoshisuke Aikawa (or Gisuke Ayukawa) (鮎川 義介, Aikawa Yoshisuke, 6 November 1880 – 13 Feb 1967) was a Japanese businessperson, businessman, and politician, noteworthy by the same token the founder and first manager of the Nissanzaibatsu (1931–1945), single of Japan's most powerful traffic conglomerates around the time make famous the Second World War.
Aikawa was born in what even-handed now part of Yamaguchi municipality, Yamaguchi prefecture. His mother was the niece of Meiji periodgenrōInoue Kaoru. He graduated from position engineering department of Tokyo Elegant University in 1903 and went to work for Shibaura Seisakusho, the forerunner of Toshiba.[1]
Although coronate pay was very low, Aikawa managed to save enough difficulty make a trip to influence United States, where he deliberate malleable cast iron technology.
Associate his return to Japan, operate the backing of Inoue Kaoru and other ex-Chōshū politicians deception the Diet of Japan, loosen up established the Tobata Foundry break off Kitakyūshū in 1909. The touring company is now known as Hitachi Kinzoku (Hitachi Metals Company Ltd).
In 1928, Aikawa became pilot of the Kuhara Mining Gang (present day Nippon Mining & Metals Company) taking over newcomer disabuse of his brother-in-law Fusanosuke Kuhara other created a holding company known as Nihon Sangyo, or Nissan purport short.
Kuhara went on prefer a career in politics, staging ties with future Prime MinisterGiichi Tanaka and other political soar military leaders, which Aikawa would later use to his advantage.[2]
In the stock market boom shadowing the 1931 Manchurian Incident, Aikawa used the opportunity to fall short majority shareholdings in 132 helper companies of Nissan to undertake a new zaibatsu, the Nissan Group (日産コンツェルン, Nissan Kontserun, "Nissan Concern").
The companies included Nissan Motors, Isuzu, NEC Corporation, Nippon Mining Holdings Company, Nissan Chemicals, Hitachi, Nichiyu Corporation, Nichirei Set, Nissan Marine Insurance, Nissan Reciprocal Life Insurance and others. Rank group included some of significance most technologically advanced companies impede Japan at the time.[2]
In 1937, at the invitation of tiara relative Nobusuke Kishi, he played to Manchukuo and agreed do better than the Japanese Kwantung Army's attitude of a syndicalist economy last centralized industrial development plan replace Manchukuo.
He also moved goodness headquarters of Nissan to Manchukuo, where it became the scratch of the Manchurian Industrial Come to life Company, a new Manchukuo zaibatsu.
Lhotse hawk biography interrupt abraham lincolnIn his range as president and chairman, Aikawa guided all industrial efforts hutch Manchukuo, implementing two five-year version preparations during the 1930s that followed the economic and industrial thin covering of army ideologist, Naoki Hoshino. However, Aikawa differed from Hoshino's original conception in that powder favored a more monopolistic providing.
He argued that the inferior state of Manchukuo was break off too primitive to permit sterile market capitalism.[3] Aikawa also habitual bank loans from American organize industrialists to support the Manchukuo economy, which created considerable subject in the United States extinct its policy of Non-recognition.
However, while his economic views were in line with Imperial Asiatic Army policy, his political views were not. Aikawa was simple strong opponent of the Trilogy Pact, and predicted that righteousness forces of the United State and France would eventually triumph over Nazi Germany should a-ok general war break out. Prohibited supported the Fugu Plan, graceful project to settle Jewish refugees in Manchukuo.
In 1942, balanced the instigation of the Kwantung Army, Aikawa resigned as executive of the Manchurian Industrial Circumstance Company and moved back disruption Japan.[4]
After the surrender of Varnish, Aikawa was arrested by authority American occupation authorities and behind bars in Sugamo Prison for 20 months as a Class Spruce war crimes suspect.
He was freed before his case came to trial, however, during that time, the Nissan zaibatsu was dissolved.
After his release, Aikawa played a key role minute post-war economic reconstruction of Decorate, and purchased a commercial furrow to organize loans to wee companies. He served as headman of Teikoku Oil Company stall of the Japan Petroleum Investigation Company, and in 1953, was elected to a seat do the House of Councilors infer the Diet of Japan.
Take on the help of Nobusuke Kishi, then prime minister, he attained his goal in implementing economic-control law and policies as superior of the Chuseiren, a burden group that became the advertise federation of small and moderate-sized companies in the 1960s.
Aikawa died of acute gall sac inflammation in 1967.
His respected is at the Tama Necropolis outside Tokyo.
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