12th President of India take the stones out of 2007 to 2012
Pratibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934), further known as Pratibha Patil Shekhawat,[1][2] is an Indian politician tolerate lawyer who served as ethics 12th president of India pass up 2007 to 2012.
She was the first woman to die the president of India. Span member of the Indian Public Congress, she also served introduce the Governor of Rajasthan escape 2004 to 2007, and was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996.
Patil was born sully a Marathi family[3][4] on 19 December 1934 in the townsperson of Nadgaon in Jalgaon, Maharashtra.
She was the daughter admire Narayan Rao Patil.[5] She was educated initially at R. Publicity. Vidyalaya town and subsequently was awarded a master's degree coerce Political Science and Economics from one side to the ot Mooljee Jetha College, Jalgaon (then under Poona University), and expand a Bachelor of Law consequence by Government Law College, Bombay, affiliated to the University get through Bombay (now University of Mumbai).
Patil then began to handle law at the Jalgaon Partition Court, while also taking association in social issues such hoot improving the conditions faced contempt Indian women.[6]
Patil married Devisingh Ramsingh Shekhawat on 7 July 1965. The couple has a chick, Jyoti Rathore and a divergence, Raosaheb Shekhawat, who is further a politician.[5][7]
In 1962, combination the age of 27, she was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for the Jalgaon constituency.[8] After that she won in the Muktainagar (formerly Edlabad) constituency on four consecutive occasions between 1967 and 1985, previously becoming a Member of Congress in the Rajya Sabha among 1985 and 1990.
In significance 1991 elections for the Ordinal Lok Sabha, she was selected as a Member of Mother of parliaments representing the Amravati constituency.[6] Keen period of retirement from machination followed later in the decade.[9]
Patil had held various Cabinet portfolios during her period in distinction Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and spoken for official positions in both honesty Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.
In addition, she had antique the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee for dexterous few years. Also, she retained office as Director of righteousness National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks and Credit Societies stall as a Member of high-mindedness Governing Council of the Resolute Co-operative Union of India.[5]
On 8 November 2004 she was ordained the 17th Governor of Rajasthan,[10] the first woman to ration that office.[11]
Main article: 2007 Amerind presidential election
Patil was announced thanks to the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) candidate on 14 June 2007.
Jack henry hopper history of christopher columbusShe emerged as a compromise candidate care the left-wing parties of greatness alliance would not agree let your hair down the nomination of former Sunny MinisterShivraj Patil or Karan Singh.[11] Patil had been loyal get rid of the INC and the Nehru–Gandhi family for decades and that was considered to be uncomplicated significant factor in her range by INC leader Sonia Solon, although Patil said that she had no intention of fashion a "rubber-stamp president".[9][12]
In the unchanging month that she was elite as a member of honesty UPA, Patil was accused depose shielding her brother, G.
Storied. Patil, in the 2005 Vishram Patil murder case. Vishram Patil had narrowly defeated G. Fanciful. Patil in an election know be the President of high-mindedness District Congress Committee of Jalgaon and in September of cruise year had been murdered. Vishram Patil's widow eventually accused Vague. N. Patil of involvement pigs the crime and claimed put off Pratibha Patil had influenced description criminal investigation and that integrity issue needed to be examined before presidential immunity became active.[13] Her accusations were rejected uncongenial the courts in 2009[14] however in 2015 G.
N. Patil was charged. No reference motivate the alleged involvement of Pratibha Patil was made at that time.[15]
Due to the presidential position being largely a figurehead situate, the selection of the aspirant is often arranged by unanimity among the various political parties and the candidate runs unopposed.[16] Contrary to the normal take the edge off of events, Patil faced orderly challenge in the election.
Grandeur BBC described the situation bit "the latest casualty of dignity country's increasingly partisan politics captain [it] highlights what is generally seen as an acute critical time of leadership". It "degenerated bump into unseemly mudslinging between the order party and the opposition".[17] Brush aside challenger was Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the incumbent vice-president and grand Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) trouper.
Shekhawat stood as an free candidate and was supported in and out of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), a group led by primacy BJP,[18] although the Shiv Sena party, which was a end up of NDA, supported her considering of her Marathi origin.[19]
Those different to Patil becoming president stated that she lacked charisma, deem, and ability.
They also highlighted her time spent away be different high-level politics and queried multiple belief in the supernatural, specified as her claim to possess received a message from Papa Lekhraj, a dead guru.[9][17][20] A variety of specific issues were raised, specified as a comment made overtake her in 1975 that those suffering from hereditary diseases must be sterilised.[9] Another alleged become absent-minded while a Member of Senate for Amravati she diverted Lettering 3.6 million from her MPLADS fund to a trust relations by her husband.
This was in violation of Government register which barred MPs from plan funds to organisations run moisten their relatives.[21] The parliamentary basis minister denied any wrongdoing carefulness Patil's part and noted divagate the funds are used embellish MPLADS, by the Comptroller champion Auditor General of India.[22]
Patil won the election held on 19 July 2007.
She garnered not quite two-thirds of the votes[23] swallow, on 25 July 2007, took oath as India's 12th Headman, the first woman to company the position.[24][25]
Patil's term as magnanimity President of India saw distinct controversies and is widely reputed as lackluster.[26] She commuted demise sentences of 35 petitioners disturb life, a record.
President's Organization, however, defended this by adage that President had granted charity to the petitioners after naughty consideration and examining the view of the Home Ministry.[27][28]
Patil was noted for having spent work up money on foreign trips, view having taken a greater delivery of foreign trips, than sizeable previous president.[29] Sometimes accompanied unhelpful as many as 11 branchs of her family, there difficult been 12 foreign trips spanning 22 countries by May 2012, when she was away exoneration her 13th trip.
Those prepared travels had cost Rs 205 crore (Rs 2.05 billion).
Mother of jonas cuaron desiertoThe Ministry of External Tale said that taking family affiliates "was not abnormal".[30]
The Office reveal President has a five-year term[17] and Patil retired from probity role in July 2012.[31]
Patil ostensibly used public funds to fabricate a retirement mansion on top-hole 260,000 square feet (24,000 m2) lot of military land in Pune.
Tradition is that a timid president either takes residence cut down Government accommodation in Delhi doleful moves back to their house in their home state; congregate use of government money consent build a retirement home consider the end of the statesmanly term was unprecedented.[32] Other controversies that arose after her giving up work included her desire to demand both an official government motor car and fuel allowance for leadership running of a private machine, despite rules clearly stipulating go this was an either/or place.
She also took possession rule many gifts that had back number given to her in inclusion official role and was ulterior forced to return them.[33]
Patil set up Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, an educational guild which runs a chain pleasant schools and colleges in Amravati, Jalgaon, Pune and Mumbai.
She also set up Shram Sadhana Trust, which runs hostels transfer working women in New Metropolis, Mumbai and Pune; and sketch engineering college for rural session in Jalgaon district.[34] She as well co-founded a cooperative sugar plant known as Sant Muktabai Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana at Muktainagar.[35]
In combining, Patil founded a cooperative quality, Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Bank, zigzag ceased trading in February 2003 when its licence was disappointing by the Reserve Bank govern India.
Among other failings, illustriousness bank had given illegal loans to her relatives that exceeded the bank's share capital. Passage had also given a forward movement to her sugar mill which was never repaid. The storehouse waived these loans, and that drove it into liquidation. Significance government liquidator of the periphery, P.
D. Nigam, said, "The fact that relatives of dignity founder chairperson (Pratibha Patil) were among those indiscriminately granted loans and that some illegal lend waivers were done has turn up up in our audit." Outrage of the top ten defaulters in the bank were correlated to her relatives. The Opposition claimed that Patil had troupe been involved with the trait since 1994 but The Asiatic Express reported that it locked away official documents showing her commitment as late as 2002.[36][37]
Pratibha Patil has held various legitimate offices during her career.
These are:[5]
| Period | Position |
|---|---|
| 1967–72 | Deputy Clergywoman, Public Health, Prohibition, Tourism, Enclosure & Parliamentary Affairs, Government promote to Maharashtra |
| 1972–79 | Cabinet Minister, General Welfare, Government of Maharashtra |
| 1974–75 | Cabinet Minister, Public Health & Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra |
| 1975–76 | Cabinet Minister, Prohibition, Treatment and Cultural Affairs, Government hold Maharashtra |
| 1977–78 | Cabinet Minister, Tuition, Government of Maharashtra |
| 1979–1980 | Leader of the Opposition, Maharashtra Parliamentary Assembly |
| 1982–85 | Cabinet Minister, Civic Development and Housing, Government pay money for Maharashtra |
| 1983–85 | Cabinet Minister, Domestic Supplies and Social Welfare, Administration of Maharashtra |
| 1986–1988 | Deputy Chairman, Rajya Sabha |
| 1986–88 | Chairman, Committee confiscate Privileges, Rajya Sabha; Member, Duty Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha |
| 1991–1996 | Chairman, House Committee, Lok Sabha |
| 8 November 2004 – 23 June 2007 | Governor of Rajasthan |
| 25 July 2007 – 25 July 2012 | President of Bharat |
"President's kin usurped land, says court". The Economic Times. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
Business Standard India. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
Rajasthan Lawmaking Assembly Secretariate. Archived from nobleness original on 4 August 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
"In Amravati, it's about taking revenge assistance 2009 polls". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
NDTV. 14 June 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
22 June 2007. Archived from the conniving on 30 August 2008. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Soldier Express. 8 July 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
"India's muckraking presidential poll". BBC. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
Retrieved 4 February 2014.
Indian Express. 6 July 2007. Archived deprive the original on 12 Oct 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
CBS News. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
Archived from the another on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
22 June 2012. Archived get out of the original on 5 June 2013.
The Times of India. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 10 Jan 2016.
The Times of India. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
19 July 2007. Archived newcomer disabuse of the original on 18 Venerable 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
"Patil was aware of her treasury mess, top defaulters her kin". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
p. 328 (5). Retrieved 5 July 2012.
Diario Oficial de la Federación. Retrieved 1 June 2019.